Back-pedaling brake.



Patentedl May I3, I902.

im. 699,78l.

F. C. ATHERTGN 6. C. HAPP.

BACK PEDALINB BRAKE.

(Appliemn 'med Dee. 9, 1901.)

`/\\\;v;\\\\\\\ n l Mmmmimmuun s mums Ptfzus no. Hora-Inno., wnsumuon n c ANNI FFICE ltln'rrnn FISHER C. ATHERTON AND CONRAD IIAPP, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK; SAID I'IAPP ASSIGNOR TO SAID ATHERTON.

BACK-PEDALING BRAKE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 699,781, dated May 13, 1902.

Application filed December 9,1901. Serial No. 85,166- (NO model.)

To all whom it may concern: ing ball cup or race tl, secured in the adja- Be it known that we, FISHER C. ATHERTON cent end of the hub, are balls d2.

and CGNRAD IIAPP, citizens of the United E represents the cone of the companion States, and residents ofBuffalo, in the county ball-bearing for the opposite end of the hub.

of Erieand State ofNe\vYork,haveinvented The cone is preferably screwed on the axle 55 new and useful Improvements in Back-Pedand is held from turning relative thereto by i alinglrakes, of which the following isaspecisuitable means, such as an arm c, secured to iication.` or formed with the eone and which extends This invention relates to a back-pedaling beside and is connected with the adjacent io coaster-brake for velocipedes andthe like. fork member, as by a clip c', of any suitable 6o One of the objects of the invention is to construction adjustably connected with the provide an exceedingly simple, durable, and arm. Ballsfare arranged between the cone desirable brake of this characterl composed E and an outwardly-facing ball-cup F, seof the minimum number of parts. cured to the adjacent end ofthe hub. Aball- Another object is to so construct and arbearing for the driving-sleeve is preferably 6s range the parts that they can be arranged inemployed, which consists of a ball cup or side of the wheel-hub and an extended brakrace c, provided in the outer enlarged end of ing-surface secured without crowding or nethe driving-sleeve D, balls g, and a cone g2 cessitating the employment of small parts, therefor, screwed on the adjacent end of the 2o which are liable to become broken. axle between the same and the fork end and 7o In the accompanying drawings, Figure lis held by the clampingnut for the axle. a longitudinal sectional elevation through a II represents the sprocket or driving wheel, brake embodying the invention. Fig. 2 is a which is rigidly attached to the projecting entransverse section thereof on the line 2 2, larged end of the driving-sleeve in any ap- Fig. l. Fig. 8 is a fragmentary transverse proved manner, so that the latter can be 75 section on the line 3 3,*Fig. l. Fig. et is a turned by the wheel either forwardly or reartransverse section on the line 4; 4, Fig. l. wardly. The inner reduced end of the driv- Fig. 5 is an enlarged perspective View of the ing-sleeve has fixed thereto a shifting ring l, clutch-ring detached. Fig. Gis a perspective provided with peripheral inclined or cam 3o View of the shifting-screw detached. Fig. 7 faces t' t", which, as shown, are formed by a 8o is a perspective view of one of the springs for screw thread or threads. The shifting ring the friction holding devices for the clutchis preferably rigidly connected with the driv ring. ing-sleeve, so as to rotate therewith, by radial Like letters of reference refer to like parts projections t2, extending inwardly from the in the several figures. shifting ring into longitudinal grooves or 85 A represents the axle for the rear wheel o channels i3 in the driving-sleeve, and is held the Velocipede, which is stationarily secured from longitudinal movement between the in the rear frame-fork, the ends of which are ball-cup d and a nut t4, screwed on the inner shown at B,.as by the usual clamping-nuts 5,. end of the driving-sleeve.

4o and O represents the hub of the rear wheel, J represents a brake-ring of suitable mate- 9o which is journaled to rotate on the axle by rial fitted tightly in the hub, preferably abutball-bearings in any suitable manner. The ting against the left-hand ball-cup F, and construction shown in the drawings is as folprovided with a conical cavity forming an exlows: tended conical friction-snrfacej. The brakel) represents a driving-sleeve whichloosely ring is held against rotation in the hub by a 95 surrounds the axle and has a reduced inner pin or studj, secured to the hub and engagend which projects into the hub. The outer ing in a longitudinal slotj2 in the brake-ring. end of the sleeve, which is enlarged, is pro- K represents a brake shoe or member which vided with an inwardly-facing ball cone or is in the form of a hollow cone having an ex- 5o race d, between which and an outwardly-factended external conical friction surface 7c, roo

adapted to cooperate with the internal conical facej. The brake-shoe is mounted 'in the Vhub between the brake-ring and drivingsleeve, is movable-laterally or longitudinally toward or fromv the brake-ring, and is held from rotation on the axle by suitable meansfor instance, by an angular portion k2 of the cone E engaging in a correspondingly-shaped slot or hole 7e3, formed in the small end of the brake-shoe. The large end of the brake-shoe surrounds the inner end of thedriving-sleeve and shifting ring and is provided with a short internal cylindrical face 764.

L represents a clutch device which is in the form of a ring surrounding the shifting ring. It is provided with internal inclined or cam faces, preferably formed by a female screw thread or threads, with which the cam faces or threads of the shifting ring engage. The clutch-ring is provided at one end with an eX- ternal conical 4clutch-face M, which coperates with a corresponding internal conical face m, formed in the adjacent or inner end of the ball-cup d'. These cooperating faces constitute the driving-clutch. At its opposite end,which projects into the brake-sl1oe,the clutch-ring is provided with an oppositelyinclined conical face N, adapted to coperate with or frictionally engage the internal conical face lo' of the brake-shoe. Between the conical faces M and N the external periphery of the clutch-ring is cylindrical, and this cylindrical portion is surrounded by the internal cylindrical face cfl of the brake-shoe. The clutch-ring is moved longitudinally to bring its clutch-face M into engagement with the clutch-face mon the hub by the wellknown action of the cooperating cam-faces on the shifting ring and clutch-ring when the shifting ring is rotated forwardly, as in driving or propelling the Velocipede forwardly, and it is moved longitudinally in the opposite direction to cause the engagement ofthe inclined face N with the internal conical face of the brake-shoe when the shifting ring is rotated or turned rearwardly, as in back-pedaling, to apply the brake.

In order to prevent the rotation of the clutchring by frictional contact with the shifting ring .when the latter is rotated and to cause the same to move quickly longitudinally, the following means is employed: The clutchring is provided, preferably at diametrically opposite points, with longitudinal slots O, in which are seated friction holding devices P. These holding devices are similar, and each is provided for a portion of its length with a segmental cylindrical face v29, circumferentially in line with the cylindrical peripheral face of the clutch-ring, and a segmental conical face pf, which is circumferentiallyin line with the conical clutch-face M of the clutch-l ring. The holding devices are held or forced yieldingly outward by means of bowed leafsprings Q, which are arranged in the slotsO beneath the holding devices. To prevent longitudinal movement of the friction Aholding devices or springs in the slots, both the holding devices and the springs are preferably provided with lateral projections or lugs q, which extend into lateral slots q in the clutchring. The springs Q tend to hold the friction holding devices outward in frictional e11- gagement either with the internal cylindrical face l# of the brake-shoe or the internal conical clutch-face m of the hub, according to the longitudinal position of the clutch-ring. The engagement of the holding devices with either of said faces holds the clutch-ring from rotation relative thereto. When the rider desires to propel the velocipede forwardly, the pedals are turned forwardly and the shifting ring, which turns with the driving-wheel, moves the clutch-ring longitudinally into engagement with the driving clutch-face,rwhich being conical forces the friction holding devices inwardly against the action ofV their springs, so that the outer segmental cylindrical faces of the saine are practically flush with the cylindrical face of the clutch-.ring and out of engagement with the cylindrical face 7a4 of the brake-shoe. The clutch-ring is thus released from the brake-shoe and locked in the hub, which turns forwardly, together with the clutch-ring, shifting-ring, and driving-sleeve, while the pedals are being propelled forwardly. Vhen it is desired to coast, the rider holds the pedals stationary, as is well known, which holds the drivingsleeve and shifting ring stationary. The clutch-ring,which is held to the driving clutchface M on the hub by the friction holding devices, tends to continue its rotation with the hub, and thus through the action of the camfaces on the clutch-ring and stationary shifting ring it is moved longitudinally slightly away from the driving clutch-face on the hub and permits the latter to rotate forwardly. As soon as the friction holding devices,\vhich move with the clutch-ring, are out of contact with the driving clutchface Y on the hub their springs move them into frictional con- IOO IIO

tact with the internal cylindrical face of the brake-shoe, so that the clutch-ring, as well as the shifting ring and driving-sleeve, is held stationary. When it is desired to apply the brake, the rider back-pedals, causing the driving-sleeve and shifting ring to turn rearwardly, and as the clutch device is held from rotation by the engagement of the friction holding devices with the brake-shoe the shifting ring causes the clutch-ring to move longitudinally to bring its conical face N into contact with the internal conical face of the brake-shoe, and by a further backward movement of the driving-sleeve the clutch-ring causes the brake-shoe to move laterally until the external friction-surface thereof is wedged tightly into the internal conical braking-surfacej of the brake-ring. When propelling forwardly, the hub and driving-sleeve, which are locked together, run on the lefthand ball-bearing and the outer right-hand ball-bearing, and when coasting, the drivingsleeve being held stationary, the hub rotates on the left-hand ball-bearing and the inner right-hand ball-bearing.

A brake constructed as above described has but few parts, which can all be made comparatively large, very strong, and durable. An extended braking-surface is obtained, and all of the operative parts of the brake are inclosed in and protected by the hub. As the clutch-ring is held from rotation by the friction holding devices while being shifted longitudinally, thelongitudinal movementis immediate and positive. The clutch-ring and holding devices are carried with the hub, driving-sleeve, and shifting ring when driving forwardly and held out of engagement with the brake-shoe, and when coasting they, together with the driving-sleeve and shifting ring, are held stationary and out of contact with the driving clutch-face of the hub. There is therefore no drag or friction, and consequently practically no wear at any time.

Ve claim as our inventionl. The combination of an axle, a wheel-hub mounted to rotate about said axle and provided with a brake-surface and a clutch-face, a brake-shoe located in and movable longitudinally in the hub, means for holding said brake-shoe from rotation, a longitudinallymovable clutch device arranged between said brake-shoe and said clutch-face on the wheelliub, said clutch device having a driving clutch-face cooperating with said clutch-face on the hub, a shifting device for moving said clutch device longitudinally to move the brake-shoe longitudinally, means for operating the shifting device, and a holding device to hold said clutch device from rotation while being moved longitudinally, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination of an axle, a wheel-hub mounted to rotate about said axle and provided with a brake-surface and a clutch-face, a brake-shoe longitudinally movable in said hub and having a brake-surface cooperating with said brake-surface on the hub, means for holding the brake-shoe from rotation, a longitudinally-movable clutch device arranged between said brake-shoe and said clutch-face on the hub, said clutch device havinga driving clutch-face coperatin g with said clutchface on the hub, and having a part adapted to engage said brake-shoe to move the same longitudinally, means for shifting said clutch device longitudinally, and holding devices carried by said clutch device and acting to hold the same `from rotation while being moved longitudinally, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination of an axle, a wheel-hub mounted to rotate about said axle and provided with a brake-surface anda clutch-face, a brake-shoe located in and longitudinally movable in the hub and provided with a braking-surface cooperating with said braking-surface on the hub, means for holding said brake-shoe from rotation,a rotatable driving-sleeve, a longitudinally-movable clutch device provided with a clutch-face cooperating with said clutch-face on the hub, and with a face cooperating with a face on said brakeshoe, means operated by said driving-sleeve for shifting said clutch device longitudinally, and a friction device carried by said clutch device and adapted to frictionally engage with said clutch-face on the hub in one position of the clutch device and with aface carried by the brake-shoe in another position of the clutch device, substantially as set forth.

it. The combination of an axle, a wheel-hub mounted to rotate thereon and provided with a brake-surface and a clutch-face, a brakeshoe arranged in said hub between said brakesurface and said clutch-face and having a face cooperating with said brake-surface and a friction-face,a longitudinally-movable clutch device arranged between said shoe and said clutch-face on the hub, means for moving the same longitudinally, a clutch-face on said clutch device cooperating with said clutchface on the hub, friction holding devices carried by said clutch device, and means for holding said friction devices toward said friction-face on the brake-shoe and said clutchface on the hub, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination ofan axle,a hub mounted to rotate thereon and provided with abrakesurface and a clutch-face, a brake-shoe l0- cated in and longitudinally movable in said hub between said brakesurface and said clutch-face and having an internal frictionface, means for holding said brake-shoe from rotation, a clutch-ring arranged between said brake-shoe and said clutch-face on the hub and surrounded by said internal friction-face of the brake-shoe, a spring-pressed friction holding device seated in a recess in said clutch-ring and cooperating with said clutchface on the hub and with said internal friction-face on the brake-shoe, and means for shifting said clutch-ring longitudinally, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination of an axle,a hub mounted to rotate thereon and provided with a brakesurface and a clutch-face, a brake-shoe arranged in the hub between said brake-surface and said clutch-face and provided with an internal friction-face, means foi` holding said brake-shoe from rotation, a longitudinallymovable clutch-ring having a clutch-face cooperating With said clutch-face on the Wheelhub, and surrounded by said friction-face on said brake-shoe, said clutch-ring having oppositely-arranged slots or depressions therein, a friction holding device located in each of said slots or depressions in the clutch-ring, a spring in each of said slots beneath said holding device and acting to move the same outwardly, said friction holding device having a face cooperating with said clutch-face on the hub and a face cooperating with said internal friction-face on said brake-shoe, and

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means for moving said clutch-ring laterally and rotating the same, substantially as set forth.

7. The combination of an axle, a Wheel-hub mounted to rotate thereon and having a brakesurface and a conical clutch-face, a brakeshoe arranged in said hub between said brakesurface and said conical clutch-face and having an internal friction-face, means forholding said brake-shoe from rotation, a clutchring arranged between said brake-shoe and said conical clutch-face on the hub, and provided With a conical clutch-face and extending Within said internal friction-face of the brake shoe, said clutch -ring having slots therein, a friction holding device arranged in each of said slots, a spring in each of said slotsbeneath said friction holding device and tending to move the same into engagement with said internal friction-face on the brakeshoe and said conical clutch-face on the hub, means for holding said friction holding de'- Vices and springs from longitudinal movement on the clutch-ring, means for moving said clutch-ring longitudinally into engagement with said brake-shoe or with said conical clutch-face on the hub, and means for rotating said clutch device, substantially as set forth.

8. The combination of an axle, a wheel-hub journaled to rotate about said axle and having a brake-surface and a conical clutch-face, f

a brake-shoe in'said hub between said brakesurface and said clutch-face and having an internal friction-face, means for holding said brake-shoe from rotation, a clutch-ring' arranged between said brake-shoe and said conical clutch-face on the hub, and provided with a conical clutch-face and extending within said internal friction-face of the brakeshoe, said clutch-ring having a peripheral Slot therein, a spring-pressed friction holding device arranged longitudinally ot the clutchring in said slot and having an inclined face circumferentially in line with the conical face of said clutch-ring, and a face cooperating with said internal friction-face of the brakeshoe, means for preventing longitudinal movement ot' said friction holding device in said slot, vand means for moving said clutchring laterally and for rotating the same, substantially as set forth.

fitness our hands this 30th day of November, 1901.

FISHER C. ATHERTON. CONRAD HAPP.

Witnesses:

JNO. J. BONNER, CLAUDIA M. BENTLEY. 

